🎬 Episode Moments

Essentials: Science of Stress, Testosterone, Aggression & Motivation | Dr. Robert Sapolsky

huberman
July 10, 2025
13 Moments

🎯 All Moments (13)

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Excusing Our Own Bad Behavior

This clip discusses how our prefrontal cortex allows us to excuse our own bad behavior by attributing it to situational factors, while judging others' bad behavior as a result of their character. This cognitive bias helps protect our self-image.

Cognitive Bias knowledge
26:03
Duration: 0:37

The Power of Multiple Social Identities

This clip explains how humans can belong to multiple hierarchies simultaneously, buffering the negative effects of being low-ranking in one. It uses the example of having a low-status job but being a high-status member of a recreational team, highlighting our ability to psychologically reframe what matters most.

Social Hierarchy knowledge
25:09
Duration: 0:37

Psychological Framing and Testosterone: More Than Just Aggression

Testosterone levels rise in response to events like watching your favorite team play, illustrating that it's the psychological framing, not just physical aggression, that influences hormone levels. This challenges the conventional understanding of testosterone as solely a driver of physical dominance.

testosterone knowledge
2:56
Duration: 0:18

Social Learning and Behavior: Beyond Hormones

Even after castration, sexual and aggressive behaviors persist, indicating that social learning and context play a significant role in these behaviors. This demonstrates that hormones are not the sole determinants of behavior and highlights the influence of environmental and learned factors.

testosterone knowledge
3:35
Duration: 0:18

Testosterone: Amplifying Existing Motivations and Behaviors

Testosterone amplifies existing behaviors, making individuals more of what they already are in domains like sexual arousal and aggression. This insight helps reframe how we understand the hormone's influence on motivation and behavior, emphasizing its role as an intensifier rather than a creator.

testosterone knowledge
4:31
Duration: 0:18

Personalizing Stress Management: Finding What Works for You & Making Time Daily

Dr. Sapolsky discusses the importance of choosing stress management techniques that resonate with you personally and incorporating them consistently into your daily routine, rather than saving them for moments of acute stress. He emphasizes that the act of prioritizing well-being and dedicating time to it is already a significant step toward stress reduction.

Stress Mitigation advice
21:36
Duration: 2:22

The Power of Estrogen: Cognitive Benefits & Protection Against Disease

Dr. Sapolsky dispels common misconceptions about estrogen, emphasizing its crucial role in brain and body health for both males and females. He highlights its benefits, including enhanced cognition, neurogenesis, protection against dementia and cardiovascular disease, and contrasts these with the effects of testosterone. He also touches on the importance of maintaining physiological levels of estrogen, rather than attempting sudden replacements.

Estrogen knowledge
13:28
Duration: 1:53

The Building Blocks of Psychological Stress: Control, Predictability & Social Support

Dr. Sapolsky explains the critical factors that determine whether stress is harmful or beneficial, highlighting the importance of control, predictability, outlets for frustration, and social support. He also warns against simplistic stress management advice that can be harmful to individuals facing severe life challenges.

Stress Management knowledge
15:21
Duration: 6:15

Testosterone Doesn't Cause Aggression: The Real Story

Dr. Sapolsky debunks the common misconception that testosterone directly causes aggression. Instead, it lowers the threshold for aggressive responses, amplifying pre-existing tendencies. This nuanced explanation clarifies the hormone's role in behavior and challenges simplistic views.

testosterone knowledge
2:05
Duration: 0:37

Social Media's Impact on Contentment

This clip discusses how humans uniquely create complex social hierarchies and experience feelings of inadequacy by comparing themselves to others on social media or through abstract concepts like socioeconomic status. It highlights the disconnect between our evolved biology and modern social interactions.

Social Media knowledge
29:30
Duration: 0:36

The Impact of Social Media on Self-Esteem

This clip explains how our brains use the same mechanisms for dealing with low social status as they do for feeling inadequate due to social media comparisons or socioeconomic status. It highlights the human tendency to create abstract social hierarchies and feel negative emotions based on them, even when those hierarchies are based on superficial or distant factors.

Social Media knowledge
28:55
Duration: 0:35

The Difference Between Stress and Excitement: The Amygdala's Role

Dr. Sapolsky explains how the body's physiological response to stress is very similar to excitement. The key differentiator is the amygdala's involvement, signaling whether an experience is perceived as adverse or positive. This offers a nuanced perspective on managing stress by reframing situations to minimize amygdala activation.

stress knowledge
0:59
Duration: 0:52

The Surprising Truth About Testosterone, Aggression, and Motivation

Dr. Sapolsky explains the nuanced effects of testosterone, highlighting that it amplifies existing behaviors related to status. He uses examples from baboon aggression to human generosity, and emphasizes the importance of societal values over simply blaming testosterone for aggression. He also discusses the impact of testosterone on confidence and risk assessment, linking it to dopamine's role in motivation.

Testosterone knowledge
2:47
Duration: 10:41